Greek Word Study on the word for Resurrection in BDAG and the Lexham Analytical Lexicon of the Septuagint

ἀνάστασις anastasis, n.c., resurrection; rising up. 6× +NT +AF Hebrew Alignment קִימָה—rising up (1): Lam 3:63 קום—rise, arise; get up, stand up; come to fruition; endure; belong to; stay fixed (1): Zeph 3:8 English Gloss resurrection (3): Ps 65:title; 2 Mac 7:14; 12:43 uprising (1): Da 11:20 Inflections ἀνάστασις NNSF (1) ἀνάστασις ἀναστάσεως NGSF (2) ἀνάστασις ἀναστάσεώς NGSF (1) ἀνάστασις ἀνάστησιν NASF (1) ἀνάστασις ἀνάστασιν NASF (1) ἀνάστασις The Lexham Analytical Lexicon of the Septuagint

ἀνάστασις, εως, ἡ (s. ἀνίστημι; Aeschyl., Hdt.+ in var. mngs.). ① a change for the better in status, rising up, rise (La 3:63; Zech 3:8; Jos., Ant. 17, 212; 18, 301 [here of the ‘erection’ of a statue]) κεῖται εἰς πτῶσιν καὶ ἀ. πολλῶν he is destined for the fall and rise of many of Jesus Lk 2:34, i.e. because of him many will fall and others will rise, viz. in relation to God (for contrast w. πτῶσις cp. Evagrius Pont., Sent. 5, 19 p. 327 Frankenberg: ἡ μικρὰ τ. σώματος ἀνάστασίς ἐστιν ἡ μετάθεσις αὐτοῦ ἐκ πτώσεως τ. ἀσελγείας εἰς τὴν τ. ἁγιασμοῦ ἀνάστασιν).—Esp. ② resurrection from the dead, resurrection (Aeschyl., Eum. 648 ἅπαξ θανόντος οὔτις ἐστʼ ἀ. [cp. Job 7:9f; 16:22]; Ps.-Lucian, De Salt. 45; Ael. Aristid. 32, 25 K.=12 p. 142 D.; 46 p. 300 D.; IGR IV 743, 25 [ο]ἱ δὴ δ[είλ]αιοι πάντ[ες] εἰς ἀ[νά]στασιν|[——][the stone breaks off after ἀ. and some think that βλέποντες or the like is to be supplied]; 2 Macc 7:14; 12:43), and so ⓐ in the past: of Jesus’ res. (Orig., C. Cels. 5, 57, 25) Ac 1:22; 2:31; 4:33; Ro 6:5; Phil 3:10 (JFitzmyer, BRigaux Festschr., ’70, 411–25); 1 Pt 3:21; 1 Cl 42:3; ISm 3:1, 3; in more detail ἀ. ἐκ νεκρῶν 1 Pt 1:3; ἀ. νεκρῶν res. from the dead Ro 1:4; w. the passion of Jesus IEph 20:1; Mg 11; Tr ins; Phld ins; 8:2; 9:2; Sm 7:2; 12:2; cp. 1:2. τὸν Ἰησοῦν καὶ τὴν ἀ. εὐαγγελίζεσθαι proclaim Jesus and the res. i.e. his res., and in consequence, the possibility of a general res. Ac 17:18 (but s. 3 below. τὸν Ἰησοῦν καὶ τὴν ἀνάστασιν could also mean ‘the res. of Jesus’, as perh. Nicol Dam.: 90 Fgm. 130, 18 p. 400, 17 Jac. μνήμη τἀνδρὸς καὶ φιλοστοργίας=‘… the love of the man’); cp. vs. 32 and 4:2. Of the raisings from the dead by Elijah and Elisha ἔλαβον γυναῖκες ἐξ ἀ. τοὺς νεκροὺς αὐτῶν women (i.e. the widow of Zarephath and the Shunammite woman 3 Km 17:23; 4 Km 4:36) received their dead by res. Hb 11:35. ⓑ of the future res. (Theoph. Ant. 1, 13 [p. 86, 25]), linked with Judgment Day: described as ἀ. νεκρῶν (Did., Gen. 96, 13) Mt 22:31; Ac 23:6; 24:15, 21; 26:23; 1 Cor 15:12f; 21; 42; Hb 6:2; D 16:6; or ἀ. ἐκ νεκρῶν Lk 20:35; B 5:6; AcPlCor 2:35 (cp. Ar. 15, 3; Just., D. 45, 2); cp. IPol 7:1; Pol 7:1; MPol 14:2. ἀ. σαρκός (not found in the NT) AcPlCor 1:12; 2:24 (Just., D. 80, 5; σωμάτων Tat. 6, 1; Ath., R. 11 p. 59, 14). Of Jesus: τὴν ἀ. ποιεῖν bring about the res. (of the dead) B 5:7. Jesus’ Passion as our res. ISm 5:3. ἀθάνατος τῆς ἀ. καρπός 2 Cl 19:3. Described as ἀ. κρείττων Hb 11:35 in contrast w. the res. of the past, because the latter was, after all, followed by death. ἡ μέλλουσα ἀ. (Theoph. Ant. 2, 15 [p. 138, 17]) the future res. 1 Cl 24:1. ἡ κατὰ καιρὸν γινομένη ἀ. the res. that comes at regular intervals (i.e. seasons, day and night), as a type of the future res. 24:2.—More details in J, who mentions an ἀ. ἐν τῇ ἐσχάτῃ ἡμέρᾳ on the Last Day J 11:24 and differentiates betw. the ἀ. κρίσεως res. for judgment for the wicked and the ἀ. ζωῆς res. to life for those who do good 5:29. Christ calls himself ἡ ἀ. and ἡ ζωή 11:25, since he mediates both to humans.—Paul seeks to demonstrate the validity of belief in Jesus’ res. in terms of the res. of the dead in general 1 Cor 15:12ff (s. MDahl, The Res. of the Body. A Study of 1 Cor 15, ’62 and s. τάγμα 1b). γνῶναι … τὴν δύναμιν τῆς ἀ. αὐτου Phil 3:10.—Lk 14:14 mentions only a res. of the just, as in some intertestamental belief; likew. B 21:1. Hebraistically υἱοὶ τῆς ἀ. (w. υἱοὶ θεοῦ) children of the res.=sharers in the resurrection Lk 20:36. A second res. is presupposed by the ἀ. ἡ πρώτη of Rv 20:5f. Denial of res. by the Sadducees Mt 22:23, 28, 30f; Mk 12:18, 23; Lk 20:27, 33, 35f (on this see Schürer II 391; 411); by the Epicureans Ac 17:18 (ERohde, Psyche3 1903 II 331–35; cp. the ins 2 above, beg.); and by Christians 1 Cor 15:12 (prob. in the sense of Just., D. 80, 4 λέγουσι μὴ εἶναι νεκρῶν ἀνάστασιν, ἀλλʼ ἅμα τῷ ἀποθνῄσκειν τὰς ψυχὰς αὐτῶν ἀναλαμβάνεσθαι εἰς τ. οὐρανόν ‘they say there is no resurrection of the dead, but that at the time of death their souls are taken up into heaven’; s. JWilson, ZNW 59, ’68, 90–107); 2 Ti 2:18 (cp. Menander in Iren. 1, 23, 5 [Harv. I 195] resurrectionem enim per id quod est in eum baptisma, accipere eius discipulos, et ultra non posse mori, sed perseverare non senescentes et immortales [Menander teaches that] ‘his followers receive resurrection by being baptized into him, and that they face death no more, but live on without growing old, exempt from death’; cp. Just., A I, 26, 4; Valentinus in Clem. of Alex., Str. 4, 13, 91; Tertull., Carn. Resurr. 25 agnitio sacramenti [=ἡ τοῦ μυστηρίου γνῶσις] resurrectio).—FNötscher, Altoriental. u. atl. Auferstehungsglaube 1926; JLeipoldt, Sterbende u. auferstehende Götter 1923; Cumont3 ’31; ANikolainen, D. Auferstehungsglauben in d. Bibel u. in ihrer Umwelt. I Relgesch. Teil ’44. II NT ’46.—WBousset, Rel.3, 1926, 269–74 al.; Billerb. IV 1928, 1166–98.—AMeyer, D. Auferstehung Christi 1905; KLake, The Historical Evidence of Res. of Jesus Christ 1907; LBrun, D. Auferst. Christi in d. urchr. Überl. 1925; PGardner-Smith, The Narratives of the Resurrection 1926; SMcCasland, The Res. of Jesus ’32; MGoguel, La foi à la résurr. de Jésus dans le Christianisme primitif ’33; EFascher, ZNW 26, 1927, 1–26; EFuchs, ZKG 51, ’32, 1–20; AThomson, Did Jesus Rise from the Dead? ’40; EHirsch, D. Auferstehungsgeschichten u. d. chr. Glaube ’40; PAlthaus, D. Wahrheit des kirchl. Osterglaubens2 ’41; WMichaelis, D. Erscheinungen des Auferstandenen ’44; ARamsey, The Res. of Christ ’45; JLeipoldt, Zu den Auferstehungsgeschichten: TLZ 73, ’48, 737–42 (rel.-Hist.); KRengstorf, Die Auferstehung Jesu2 ’54; GKoch, Die Auferstehung J. Christi ’59; HGrass, Ostergeschehen u. Osterberichte ’56; ELohse, Die Auferstehung J. Chr. im Zeugnis des Lk ’61; HvCampenhausen, Tradition and Life in the Early Church, ’68, 42–89; WCraig, Assessing the NT Evidence for the Historicity of the Resurrection of Jesus ’89; GLüdemann, Die Auferstehung Jesu ’94. S. also τάφος 1.—KDeissner, Auferstehungshoffnung u. Pneumagedanke b. Pls 1912; GVos, The Pauline Doctrine of the Res.: PTR 27, 1929, 1–35; 193–226; FGuntermann, D. Eschatologie d. hl. Pls ’32; HMolitor, Die Auferstehung d. Christen und Nichtchristen nach d. Ap. Pls ’33; LSimeone, Resurrectionis iustorum doctr. in Ep. S. Pauli ’38; DStanley, Christ’s Resurrection in Pauline Soteriology ’61; CMoule, NTS 12, ’65/66, 106–23; MdeBoer, The Defeat of Death ’88; JHolleman, A Traditio-Historical Study of Paul’s Eschatology in 1 Cor 15 (NovT Suppl. 84), ’96.—RGrant, Miracle and Nat. Law ’52, 221–63. JBuitkamp, Auferstehungsglaube in den Qumrantexten, diss. Groningen ’64; GWild, Auferstehungsglaube des späten Israel, diss. Bonn. ’67; W. Pannenberg, Grundzüge der Christologie6 ’82, 74ff. ③ a deity within a polytheistic system, Resurrection Ac 17:18. This interpr., first set forth by Chrysostom (Hom. in Act. 38, 1), has found modern supporters (s. Haenchen ad loc.). The semantic issue arises from the fact that the narrative presents the auditors as theologically ignorant. Their assumption is that Paul seemed to be a proclaimer of ‘new divinities’ (vs. 18a). From their perspective the term ἀ. suggests a divinity named Resurrection (abstractions identified as divinities were not uncommon in the Gr-Rom. world, s. EA 19 ’92, 71–73). But the omniscient author informs the reader that bodily resurrection (as in 2 above) is meant.—DELG s.v. ἵστημι. M-M. TW. Sv. Aeschyl Aeschyl , V B.C.—List 5 Hdt. Hdt. = Herodotus, V B.C.—List 5 var. var. = various(ly) Jos. Jos. = Josephus. This abbr. used when follow by title; I A.D.—Lists 5 i.e. i.e. = id est (that is) I.-E. Indo-European viz. viz. = videlicet (namely) w. w. = with cp. cp. = compare, freq. in ref. to citation fr. ancient texts Evagrius Pont Evagrius Pont , IV A.D.—List 5 Aeschyl Aeschyl , V B.C.—List 5 cp. cp. = compare, freq. in ref. to citation fr. ancient texts Ps.-Lucian Ps.-Lucian , after II A.D.—List 5 Ael. Aristid. Ael. Aristid. = Aelius Aristides, II A.D.—List 5 D D = Didache, except that in a list of manuscripts or as textual variant D refers to Codex Bezae—List 1 D D = Didache, except that in a list of manuscripts or as textual variant D refers to Codex Bezae—List 1 IGR IGR = Inscriptiones Graecae ad res Romanas pertinentes—List 3 Orig Orig , var. works, II–III A.D.—List 5 Festschr. Festschr. = Festschrift, in ref. to any honorary publication 1 Cl 1 Cl = 1 Clement—List 1 ISm ISm = Ignatius to the Smyrnaeans, I–II A.D.—List 1 w. w. = with IEph IEph = Ignatius to the Ephesians—List 1 ins Ins, ins = Inscription, Inschrift, inscription(s). Without a period, esp. in lists, as at the beginning of entries; the capitalized form is used in titles. In conjunction with literary works this abbr. refers to the title or description of contents. ins Ins, ins = Inscription, Inschrift, inscription(s). Without a period, esp. in lists, as at the beginning of entries; the capitalized form is used in titles. In conjunction with literary works this abbr. refers to the title or description of contents. cp. cp. = compare, freq. in ref. to citation fr. ancient texts i.e. i.e. = id est (that is) I.-E. Indo-European perh. perh. = perhaps Nicol Dam Nicol Dam , I B.C.—List 5 Fgm. Fgm. = fragment, fragmentary Jac. Jac. = Die Fragmente der griechischen Historiker, ed. FJacoby—Lists 5, 6 cp. cp. = compare, freq. in ref. to citation fr. ancient texts i.e. i.e. = id est (that is) I.-E. Indo-European Theoph. Ant. Theoph. Ant. = Theophilus Antiochenus, II A.D.—List 5 Did. Did. = Didymus Caecus (the Blind), commentator on OT books, IV A.D.—List 5 D D = Didache, except that in a list of manuscripts or as textual variant D refers to Codex Bezae—List 1 B B = Barnabas (the Letter of), II A.D., except in series of uncial witnesses, in which case B refers to Codex Vaticanus (s. also Vat.). When the abbrv. B would ambiguous, Vat. is used for the codex.—List 1 AcPlCor AcPlCor = Acts of Paul: correspondence with Corinthians (a.k.a. Third Corinthians), text according to PBodmer X—List 1 cp. cp. = compare, freq. in ref. to citation fr. ancient texts Ar. Ar. = Aristides, apologist, II A.D.—List 5 Just. Just(in) , II A.D.—List 5 cp. cp. = compare, freq. in ref. to citation fr. ancient texts IPol IPol = Ignatius to Polycarp—List 1 Pol Pol = Polycarp to the Philippians—List 1 MPol MPol = Martyrdom of Polycarp; after II A.D.—List 1 NT NT = New Testament AcPlCor AcPlCor = Acts of Paul: correspondence with Corinthians (a.k.a. Third Corinthians), text according to PBodmer X—List 1 Just. Just(in) , II A.D.—List 5 Tat Tat , II A.D.—List 5 Ath. Ath. = Athenagoras, II A.D.—List 5 B B = Barnabas (the Letter of), II A.D., except in series of uncial witnesses, in which case B refers to Codex Vaticanus (s. also Vat.). When the abbrv. B would ambiguous, Vat. is used for the codex.—List 1 ISm ISm = Ignatius to the Smyrnaeans, I–II A.D.—List 1 2 Cl 2 Cl = 2 Clement—List 1 w. w. = with Theoph. Ant. Theoph. Ant. = Theophilus Antiochenus, II A.D.—List 5 1 Cl 1 Cl = 1 Clement—List 1 i.e. i.e. = id est (that is) I.-E. Indo-European betw. betw. = between likew. likew. = likewise B B = Barnabas (the Letter of), II A.D., except in series of uncial witnesses, in which case B refers to Codex Vaticanus (s. also Vat.). When the abbrv. B would ambiguous, Vat. is used for the codex.—List 1 w. w. = with cp. cp. = compare, freq. in ref. to citation fr. ancient texts ins Ins, ins = Inscription, Inschrift, inscription(s). Without a period, esp. in lists, as at the beginning of entries; the capitalized form is used in titles. In conjunction with literary works this abbr. refers to the title or description of contents. beg. beg. = beginning prob. prob. = probable, probably Just. Just(in) , II A.D.—List 5 ZNW ZNW = Zeitschrift für die ntl. Wissenschaft—List 6 cp. cp. = compare, freq. in ref. to citation fr. ancient texts Iren. Iren. = Irenaeus, Haereses, II A.D.—List 5 Harv. Harv. = WHarvey; s. Iren.—List 5 cp. cp. = compare, freq. in ref. to citation fr. ancient texts Just. Just(in) , II A.D.—List 5 atl. atl. = alttestamentlich(e) (relating to the OT) Cumont Cumont = FC., Die orientalische Religionen im römischen Heidentum—List 6 NT NT = New Testament al. al. =alibi (elsewhere), aliter (otherwise), alii (others) Billerb. Billerb. = HLStrack and PBillerbeck, Kommentar z. NT aus Talmud u. Midrasch—List 6 ZNW ZNW = Zeitschrift für die ntl. Wissenschaft—List 6 ZKG ZKG = Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte—List 6 TLZ TLZ = Theolog. Literaturzeitung—List 6 Hist. Hist. (after a personal name)=historicus, historian hist. = historian, historical NT NT = New Testament PTR PTR = Princeton Theological Review—List 6 Ep. Ep. = Epistola/Epistula, when applied to letters mostly pseudonymous; various dates—List 5 ep. = epistle NTS NTS = New Testament Studies—List 6 NovT NovT = Novum Testamentum (periodical)—List 6 Suppl. Suppl. = Supplement (to serials) suppl. = supplement, supplied (in grammatical references) diss. diss. = dissertation diss. diss. = dissertation interpr. interpr. = interpreted, interpretation Hom Hom , VIII B.C.—List 5 Haenchen Haenchen = EH., Commentary on Acts—List 6 ad loc. ad loc. = ad locum (to or at the place under consideration) Gr-Rom. Gr-Rom. = Greco-Roman (gener. in contrast to Israelite/Christian tradition) DELG DELG = PChantraine, Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque—List 6 s.v. s.v. = sub voce (under the word, look up the word) M-M M-M = JMoulton/GMilligan, Vocabulary of Greek Testament—Lists 4, 6 TW TW = Theologisches Wörterbuch zum NT; tr. GBromiley, Theological Dictionary of the NT—List 6 Sv Sv (at the end of entries)=HSieben, Voces—List 6 William Arndt et al., A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature (BDAG) (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000), 71–72.

 

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